Aristotle theory
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Aristotle
Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath (384–322 BC)
For other uses, see Aristotle (disambiguation).
Aristotle | |
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Roman copy (in marble) of a Greek bronze bust of Aristotle by Lysippos (c. 330 BC), with modern alabaster mantle | |
| Born | 384 BC Stagira, Chalcidian League |
| Died | 322 BC (aged 61–62) Chalcis, Euboea, Macedonian Empire |
| Education | Platonic Academy |
| Notable work | |
| Era | Ancient Greek philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School | |
| Notable students | Alexander the Great, Theophrastus, Aristoxenus |
Main interests | |
Notable ideas | Aristotelianism |
Aristotle[A] (Attic Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, romanized: Aristotélēs;[B] 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the
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Aristotle towers over the history of philosophy, having made fundamental contributions in many fields, among them logic, metaphysics, physics, biology, ethics, rhetoric, poetics, and politics.
Aristotle, a student of Plato, was a prolific researcher, teacher and writer. Known in the Middle Ages as simply “the Philosopher,” and called by Dante “the master of those who know,” he composed as many as 200 treatises, of which we have only thirty-one. His was the first effort to classify the areas of knowledge into distinct disciplines, such as biology, ethics, and physics.
Aristotle’s works fall under several headings: dialogues, scientific treatises, and systematic works. The systematic works are typically categorized as Logical Works, which include Categories,On Interpretation, Prior Analytics, Posterior Analytics,Topics, On Sophistical Refutations; Physical Works which include Physics, On the Heavens, On Generation and Corruption, Meteorology; Metaphysics; Psychological Works, which include On the Soul, On Memory, Reminiscence, Dreams and Prophesy; Works on Natu
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Chapter 1: Of liberality.
Liberality, of which we will next speak, seems to be moderation in the matter of wealth. What we commend in a liberal man is his behaviour, not in war, nor in those circumstances in which temperance is commended, nor yet in passing judgment, but in the giving and taking of wealth, and especially in the giving—wealth meaning all those things whose value can be measured in money.
But both prodigality and illiberality are at once excess and defect in the matter of wealth.
Illiberality always means caring for wealth more than is right; but prodigality sometimes stands for a combination of vices. Thus incontinent people, who squander their money in riotous living, are called prodigals. And so prodigals are held to be very worthless individuals, as they combine a number of vices.
But we must remember that this is not the proper use of the term; for the term “prodigal” (ἄσωτος) is intended to denote a man who has one vice, viz. that of wasting his substance: for he is ἄσωτος, or “prodigal,” who is destroyed through his own fault, and the wasting of one
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